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Lecture#7
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Let us turn back & have a look at the opposite bank of the Neva. The green & white building in a baroque style is the Winter Palace. Next to it is the Small Hermitage (arch. Vallen de la Mothe & Felten in 1764-1775). It is light green. This is the very building from which name the museum was called “The Hermitage”. In French “Hermitage” means “the place of pleasure & seclusion”. Next to it is the brown building of the Old Hermitage
(arch. Felten, 1771-1787). Inside it you'll find the Department of the Western European Art. And the building next to it is the Hermitage theatre (arch. Quarenghi, 1783-1787). We are not able to see one more building belonging to the State Hermitage. It's the New Hermitage (arch. Klenz & Efimov, 1839-1852). All other buildings on the Palace embankment are former palaces. They belonged to the members of the Royal family because this place was too expensive even to the rich people to live.
Now I'd like to draw your attention to the grey building on your right. It's a building of the Library of Academy of Sciences. All the printing houses of the former Soviet Union sent an obligatory copy of their publications to the library. That's why it is the richest library in the country.
Now we have a stop near the building of the University. It will be a very short one. I'll tell you a few words about the University & the educational system it Russia. This red & white building on your right appeared here in 1722-1742. It was built by architect Trezzini for 12 ministries of Peter the Great. It has become the University only in 1819. The way the building was designed made it seem composed of 12 similar houses put closely together because each one has a separate entrance & roof. You can find only the library & the administrative office of the University here. The University occupies a number of buildings and not all of them are on Vasilievsky island. You can find the Departments of the University in different parts of St-Petersburg & even in the suburbs. For example, there's a student's village in Petrodvoretz which is called New Peterhof. There are more than 20000 students in the University, more than 2000 teachers and there are 22 faculties. There are many changes in this country & lots of them are in educational system. I'll try to give you some general ideas. At our schools we have compulsory secondary education. After the 9th grade a young person can go to a technical school, start working or continue his education at school
To enter the University you have to pass the entrance exams. If you failed you can try the exams next year. In general we begin our academic year on the 1st of September. During a year students of the higher educational establishments have their vacations twice a year & schoolchildren 4 times a year. For about 70 years we didn't have private educational establishments in this country, but just now we begin to have them. It's not an easy task to give a full picture of the educational system in Russia today because there are & there will be quite a number of changes.
On your left you can see a monument to Lomonosov, put up in 1986. The building with the white columns is the former Academy of Sciences that was founded to the order of Peter the First. The building was constructed in 1723 to the design by Giacomo Quarenghi. There's a large inlaid picture in one of its rooms representing Peter the Great during the Poltava battle against Swedes, one of the most important events of the Northern War. Mikhail Lomonosov, a renown Russian scholar, participated in the creation of this famous picture. The next green & white building was constructed in 1718-34 by Mattarnovi & Zemtsov. Here was the first museum opened in our city to the order of Peter the Great. Besides, here was the laboratory of the first Russian academician Lomonosov.
(arch. Felten, 1771-1787). Inside it you'll find the Department of the Western European Art. And the building next to it is the Hermitage theatre (arch. Quarenghi, 1783-1787). We are not able to see one more building belonging to the State Hermitage. It's the New Hermitage (arch. Klenz & Efimov, 1839-1852). All other buildings on the Palace embankment are former palaces. They belonged to the members of the Royal family because this place was too expensive even to the rich people to live.Now I'd like to draw your attention to the grey building on your right. It's a building of the Library of Academy of Sciences. All the printing houses of the former Soviet Union sent an obligatory copy of their publications to the library. That's why it is the richest library in the country.
Now we have a stop near the building of the University. It will be a very short one. I'll tell you a few words about the University & the educational system it Russia. This red & white building on your right appeared here in 1722-1742. It was built by architect Trezzini for 12 ministries of Peter the Great. It has become the University only in 1819. The way the building was designed made it seem composed of 12 similar houses put closely together because each one has a separate entrance & roof. You can find only the library & the administrative office of the University here. The University occupies a number of buildings and not all of them are on Vasilievsky island. You can find the Departments of the University in different parts of St-Petersburg & even in the suburbs. For example, there's a student's village in Petrodvoretz which is called New Peterhof. There are more than 20000 students in the University, more than 2000 teachers and there are 22 faculties. There are many changes in this country & lots of them are in educational system. I'll try to give you some general ideas. At our schools we have compulsory secondary education. After the 9th grade a young person can go to a technical school, start working or continue his education at school
To enter the University you have to pass the entrance exams. If you failed you can try the exams next year. In general we begin our academic year on the 1st of September. During a year students of the higher educational establishments have their vacations twice a year & schoolchildren 4 times a year. For about 70 years we didn't have private educational establishments in this country, but just now we begin to have them. It's not an easy task to give a full picture of the educational system in Russia today because there are & there will be quite a number of changes.
On your left you can see a monument to Lomonosov, put up in 1986. The building with the white columns is the former Academy of Sciences that was founded to the order of Peter the First. The building was constructed in 1723 to the design by Giacomo Quarenghi. There's a large inlaid picture in one of its rooms representing Peter the Great during the Poltava battle against Swedes, one of the most important events of the Northern War. Mikhail Lomonosov, a renown Russian scholar, participated in the creation of this famous picture. The next green & white building was constructed in 1718-34 by Mattarnovi & Zemtsov. Here was the first museum opened in our city to the order of Peter the Great. Besides, here was the laboratory of the first Russian academician Lomonosov.